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| Summary
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| Quiz
Yourself
| Type of Abuse | Affect During Pregnancy | Affect on Nutritional Outcome of Infants & Children |
| Isolation of Victim | Prevents mother from getting prenatal care | Preventing mother from taking infant or child for health care |
| Prevents mother from buying groceries or getting necessary prescriptions | Little or no nutritionally sound food available for children - children do not gain weight appropriately | |
| Prevents mother from keeping appointments with health/nutrition workers | Children may not be monitored for nutritional wellness | |
| Disabling car or telephone | Preventing mother from buying or obtaining food | |
| Locking mother inside home | Preventing mother from having food available | |
| Refusing to allow family members to take mother for health care | Refusing to allow family members to assist in getting health care for children | |
| Emotional Abuse | Telling mother she looks fat, “like a pig,” unattractive, not sexually appealing during pregnancy, causing stress or diminishing desire to eat | Children hearing emotional abuse may become frightened and unable to eat. Stress may exacerbate child’s diabetes, asthma, or other illness negatively impacting nutritional outcome. |
| Telling mother she needs to lose weight | Negatively impacting pregnancy outcome | |
| Denying her food | Negatively impacting pregnancy outcome | |
| Verbally abusing her so she’s too upset to eat properly | Negatively impacting pregnancy outcome | |
| Physical Abuse | Causing injuries that may contribute to low birth-weight infants | Children or infants may themselves be injured at the same time mother is being abused |
| Causing injuries which make it difficult to eat or prepare food, such as injuries causing gastrointestinal problems | Mothers who are injured may be unable to prepare food for children or may be unable to breast-feed | |
| Exacerbation of chronic illnesses in mother, such as hypertension, diabetes, or asthma, which indirectly affect her positive nutritional status | ||
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Sexual Abuse |
Forcing her to engage in sexual acts which hurt or cause injuries during pregnancy | Misacarriage |
| Partner has extramarital affairs, transmits sexually transmitted diseases to victim causing risk to fetus | ||
| Financial Control | Refusing to let mother use her WIC checks | Mother unable to access financial resources to obtain food for children |
| Denying her access to money or food stamps needed to buy food | ||
| Legal Control | Threatening to report mother for child abuse or WIC fraud | |